ZOMI KHANGTHU
(AD 1900 MALAM)
By J. Thang Lian Pau (2002)
BC 2000
Hih hun laiin i pu i pate Tibeto-Burman dangte tawh Sengam, mal-sak lam Kansu kuam, Lanchou khawpi kiang, T'ao lui ngei tengah teeng dingin ki-ummawh hi.
BC 1027-256
Sengamah Jo (Zo) vaihawm lai.
BC 221-207
Sengamah Chin vaihawm (Chin Empire) lai.
BC 4
Kachin leh Zomite piankhiatna i pu i pate 'Kung-han Ch'i-ang' (Ch'i-ang hiang khat)te, Sengam Szechwan kiimah teng uh hi.
BC 1
Mekhong leh Yangtze luinak lamah teeng uh hi. Pyu ten kawlgamah Sri Ksetra khuapi saat. Zomite'n Payagyi khua saat.
4 AD
Zomite in Dangka (Taka) na na nei khin dingin ki-ummawh hi.
6
Chindwin zanggam tengah na na teng uh hi.
108
Pagan (Pugam); Popa (Pupa) mual kiimah teeng (Dahpa? Penglam? te hun)
600
Pyute Kawlmi suak; Kanyante Rakhine-mi suak; Thet mite Chin (Zomi) suak.
750
Zomite Minbu,Thayet, Aunglan (Myede), Natmauk,Taungdwingyi, Pyi-ah teeng.
800-50
Zomite in Kabaw valley tung. Khampat khua sat (Khampat pen Zomite sat hi ding hi: Khampat khua pen zang leh kham kipehna, kham kipatna ahih manin Khampat a kici hi ding hi. Mualtunggam genna 'Kham' cih kammal pen Zomite bek nei hi. Hih kuam tengah hun sawtpi kiteeng uh hi.
1044
Anawrahta in Sukte zoin Kumpi lian masa suak.
1084
Kyansittha zi Kumpinu Thambula (Zomi)
1200-50
I pu i pa ten Khampat khua-ah Mawng (Bung) kung suan.
1254
Narathihapati zi Kumpinu Saw (Zomi)
1250-300
Khamtung tung; Ciimnuai khua sat. Eimau sunga makaite-Songthu, Songza, Songkip.
1355
Leng Tong Hoih Ava mangpa zi. Zo minam hiang khat 'Maring' mite Manipur gam tung ding in ki-ummawh hi. Vangteh (a min masa - Khumnuai) kisat ta kha ding hi.
1364
Zomite Chindwin gunpang phaizangah Shante tawh teengkhawm, Sagaing, Monywa, Dipeyin, Yinmarbin, Mintaingpin, Pale, Gangaw, Pauk, Htilin, Ngape-ah teeng. Sibani khua-ah Zo Tualsong 15' sang tudong omlai.
1370 AD
khawhkhen, Kawlpi (Rajagya-Yesayo) tung.
1400
Hih hun in Zo minan pawlkhatte Tripura gam tung dingin ki-ummawh hi (Halam,Hrangkhawl,Darlong Kaipeng etc).
1450-700-
Luseite Lentang le Ciau kikal ah teng.
1400-1500: Thang Ho leh Lian Do; Cing Khup leh Ngam Bawm; Galngam leh Hang Saite Ciimnuai, Geeltui-ah teeng.
1250-1900: Eimau beh Hausa,khuasat leh Ukpite makai-in ki-uk. Lai kinei loin khangthu kicianteh lo.
1500
Zosuan 'Anal' te Manipur tung ding in ki um mawh hi
1570
Guite Pu Gui Mang in Tedim Khua Sat1600 Khumi mite Paletwa tung ta mai thei.
1650-700
Luseite leh Paite mi ten Ciau kan ta uh hi.
1700
Alaungpaya kumpipa in khamtung galkap la in Syrian gam sim.
1720-30
Mara ten Simtuipi tung ta dingin ki-ummawh hi.
1750
Thado-Kuki ten Manipur gam tung khin uh hi. Biate mite in tua-a Cachar mun tung khin ding in ki-ummawh hi. 1750-850 Lai mite Mizoram tung dingin ki-ummawh hi. 1775 Lusei ten Zawlbuk/Sawm neih kipan. 1777 Khamtungmite in Chittagong sim.
1800
Zahau leh Khuangli tawh kipawlin Kam Hau in Thahdo gam la-in uk. Taisunte (Falam) in Lophei sim. Taisunte in Khuasak sim. Zahau leh Khuangli kisim. Taisunte in Mualnuam sim. Hualngo leh Sukte kisim.
1813
Rev. Adoniram Judson Kawlgam tung (Missionary masa pen)
1820
Hatlang Pu Mang Gin(Mang kua) Tedim ah teeng. Tedim gam sunga Hausa thahat leh minthang kuate:
Tedim - Mang Gin - Hatlang
Vangteh - Pum Go - Guite
Dimpi - El Thuam - Naulak
Saizang - Vung Vial - Hatzaw
Kalzang - Sung Hang
Thangnuai - Mang Sum - Thawmte
Khuasak - Mat Tuang - Galphuak
Thuklai - Suan Thuk - Sumniang
LimKhai - Neih Tuang
1830-850 Hmar ten Manipur gam tung uh hi.
1840-1868
Tedim khuapi kiphut kik. Kam Hau in Mualbem pan Tedim zuan. Hausa - Pu Kam Hau, Galvaan - Pu Mang Gin, Thuzeek - Pu Khoi Lam. Meitei galpi zo. 1856
Kam Hau leh Zahau kikopin Manipur uk.
1856-1859 Sim leh mal ki do hun.(Mizoram) 1857 Tedim sim ding Meitei 1500 kuan, Meitei in lel. Zomi leh Meitei kido khatveina. 1862 Mautaam Khat veina.1871 Guite Innpipa Go Khaw Thang Meitei ten man. 1872 in Phaipi tonginn sungah si hi. 1872
Vai khan Khatveina. (Mangkang galkapte Lusei gamah a khatvei lutna uh)
1876
Guite Innpipa Pu Sum Kam leh Meitei Leengpa ten kilemna bawl. Guite mi 2000 khawng in Lamka gam tung.
1884
Aksi kiat kum (3-11-1884). 1886 Mangkang-te’n Zogam (Cin hills) sim kipan.
1887
Capt. Raikes makaihna tawh Mangkang galkapte Kawlpi tung. Vai khan Nihveina (Mangkangte Lusei gam lut nihveina, ciah kik nawnlo).
1888
Capt. Raikes in Zogamah Mawtaw lam sial ding ngen, Zomite'n phal lo. Oct 17-29 sungin Zomite in Mangkang 12 that, 122 hingmat, thau lawng 4 leh La 4 man khawm. Sihzang in Kale gam sim. Taisun leh Sukte kipawlin Kawlzang sim. Kam Hau leh Sukte kipawlin Kangyi sim. Sihzang in Mangkang lambawlte suam. Zokhua, Khalkha, Sukte kipawlin Kumpi do sawm. Taisun mi 1000 in Sihaung sim. Capt. George White in khamtung mite dona dingin India galkap Battalion Khat leh Assam kooli 2000 ngenin ngah.
1889
January 23 ni-in Sir Gorge White, General Faunce, Major Raikes thuamvum tung, Zogam do ding kuan. Feb.4 ni-in Khuasak la. Feb.13 ni-in Buanman leh Thuklai la. Vangteh leh Saizang la. May. 4 ni-in Siallum kulhah kikap, Mangkang bu 3 leh galkap 83 si, Surgeon khat in V.C ngah.
Tedimah kap leuleu, Tedim a hawm in la. Mangkangte 120 si 70 liam. Tedim inn 300 Tonzangah tai. Inn teng halsak. Thangmual pen "Fort White" kici. Mizoram sim lam panin 'The Expediton 1889' lut, haksatna tuak loin Lunglei luak. Kulh bawl uh.
1890
Sept. in Tonzangah kikap, kilemna bawl. Upa teng tawh maam (photo) zaih, upate'n thei lo, thau sa-in lau. Oct. kha sungin Khaw Cin si, a sanggampa' tapa Hau Cin Khup in a za luah. Hau Cin Khup, Thang Khan Pau, Gin Za Thangte Rangoon kipaipih.
Mangkang Kumpiin Mizoram a uk kipat. 25.9.1890 niin Pasal hangsan Khuangchera leh Ngulbawka Tlawng lui ngei-ah Mangkang ten kaplum.
1891
Thantlang la ding kuan, kido, Rs. 5000 gaam.
1892
(Jan. 27-29) Zo minam teng gam khatah koih kik nading ngaihsun 'Chin-Lushai Conference' Fort William, Calcutta-ah kibawl hi.
April kha-in Thantlang la zo. Oct 9 ni-in Pumva leh Thuklai kikalah Myo-ok suam. kap lum, mi thum bek suakta. Mangkang ten suah lam Zogam bup nuaisiah zo.
1893
Zogamah thau khempeuh kikhawm, lawng 7000 pha. Kaptel la, Oct. kha-in ukpi 49 Rangoon kihawl pih. Khuapi teng sikkhau kizom.
1894
1.11.1894 niin Rev. F.W. Savidge le Rev. F.H. Lorrain-te Mizogam tun hi. (Khristian Missionary masa pen). Mizo lai - A, AW, B, kipan.
Jan-Feb. sung B.S. Carey in Cin hills leh Manipur gamgi bawl, Cin hills khen thum kisuah- Tedim, Falam, Halkha.
1894-95
Mikang kumpi in Falamah Political officer koih. Falam leh Halka-ah Sikkhau-to, Thonginn, Zato inn, leh Sumkepna (Treasury) kibawl. Carey leh Tuck in The Chin hills bu gelh. Zogam pan siah (Leiman) Rs.17,572 kingah. Carey leh Ukpite kilemna bawlin gam khensak in, Kam Hau uk khua -167, Sukte uk - khua 20 leh Sihzang uk khua - 16 suah hi. Manipur Khristian missionary masa pen Rev. W. Pettigrew (Ukhul khua-ah).
1895
(September) Kawlgam' gamkhen khat (province) in Mikang kumpite'n Zogam hong ciapteh sakin Kawlgam tawh hong gawm. Mizo Laibu neih kipat kum. 21-8-1895 Lusei pau tawh Thukhunthak Luka laibu nei. Sim leh Mal-a kikhen Lushai hills pen kigawm hi.
1896
Chin Hills Regulation Act kibawl. Hih Thukhun tawh tu huna Chin State, Mizoram, Manipur singtanggam teng uk. Ukpi hong piang:
Tedim gamah Pu Hau Cin Khup
Lumbanggam ah Pu Hrul Mung
Falam gamah Pu Thang Tin Lian
Haka gamah Pu Kio Mang
Taichun khua-ah Pu Con Bik
Matu/Mindat gamah Vumthumaung
Chief Commissoner Sir Frederick Frayer Tedim, Falam, Khalkha hawh. Mizo biakinn masa pen kipan. Kawlgam (Chin hills) leh manipur gamgi kikhung hi.
1898
(2-4-1898) Mizoramah Sangin kipan. Mizo pau in Thuciamthak - Luka leh John kizo. Mangkang ukna deih loin Zomi makaite’n Mangkangte langpanna bawl. Mikangte in Zomi makaite bawlsia.
- Pu Thuam Thawng (thong sungah si)
- Pu Kai Tuah (khantawn thong)
- Pu Taang Pau Dal (thong sungah si)
- Pu Ngul Bul (Mangkang ten that)
1899
Chin hills-ah Christian Biakna tung; Missionaary masa pen Rev. A.E. Carsonte nupa, March 15 niin Halkha tung. Pu Pau Cin Hau phuat Laipian Biakna leh Zomite Lai neih cilna.
1900
Zomite Laisin kipatna, Biakna thak neihna. Pa Pau Cin Hau in Maang mu. Mr. B.S. Carey in ukpi teng tawh kilemna bawlin sialngawng ban. Hau Cin Khup Ukpi-in kikoih. Mizoram, Mimbung khua-ah Guite Innpipa Kam Za Mang a phat mahmah lai tak hi in, Aizawl DC leh Tedim pan Mikang ulian Dickman ten Mimbungah pha uh hi. Lushai hills leh Chin hills gamgi kikipsak hi.
Src: http://www.sialkal.com/zomi_khangthu_1900malam.htm
(AD 1900 MALAM)
By J. Thang Lian Pau (2002)
BC 2000
Hih hun laiin i pu i pate Tibeto-Burman dangte tawh Sengam, mal-sak lam Kansu kuam, Lanchou khawpi kiang, T'ao lui ngei tengah teeng dingin ki-ummawh hi.
BC 1027-256
Sengamah Jo (Zo) vaihawm lai.
BC 221-207
Sengamah Chin vaihawm (Chin Empire) lai.
BC 4
Kachin leh Zomite piankhiatna i pu i pate 'Kung-han Ch'i-ang' (Ch'i-ang hiang khat)te, Sengam Szechwan kiimah teng uh hi.
BC 1
Mekhong leh Yangtze luinak lamah teeng uh hi. Pyu ten kawlgamah Sri Ksetra khuapi saat. Zomite'n Payagyi khua saat.
4 AD
Zomite in Dangka (Taka) na na nei khin dingin ki-ummawh hi.
6
Chindwin zanggam tengah na na teng uh hi.
108
Pagan (Pugam); Popa (Pupa) mual kiimah teeng (Dahpa? Penglam? te hun)
600
Pyute Kawlmi suak; Kanyante Rakhine-mi suak; Thet mite Chin (Zomi) suak.
750
Zomite Minbu,Thayet, Aunglan (Myede), Natmauk,Taungdwingyi, Pyi-ah teeng.
800-50
Zomite in Kabaw valley tung. Khampat khua sat (Khampat pen Zomite sat hi ding hi: Khampat khua pen zang leh kham kipehna, kham kipatna ahih manin Khampat a kici hi ding hi. Mualtunggam genna 'Kham' cih kammal pen Zomite bek nei hi. Hih kuam tengah hun sawtpi kiteeng uh hi.
1044
Anawrahta in Sukte zoin Kumpi lian masa suak.
1084
Kyansittha zi Kumpinu Thambula (Zomi)
1200-50
I pu i pa ten Khampat khua-ah Mawng (Bung) kung suan.
1254
Narathihapati zi Kumpinu Saw (Zomi)
1250-300
Khamtung tung; Ciimnuai khua sat. Eimau sunga makaite-Songthu, Songza, Songkip.
1355
Leng Tong Hoih Ava mangpa zi. Zo minam hiang khat 'Maring' mite Manipur gam tung ding in ki-ummawh hi. Vangteh (a min masa - Khumnuai) kisat ta kha ding hi.
1364
Zomite Chindwin gunpang phaizangah Shante tawh teengkhawm, Sagaing, Monywa, Dipeyin, Yinmarbin, Mintaingpin, Pale, Gangaw, Pauk, Htilin, Ngape-ah teeng. Sibani khua-ah Zo Tualsong 15' sang tudong omlai.
1370 AD
khawhkhen, Kawlpi (Rajagya-Yesayo) tung.
1400
Hih hun in Zo minan pawlkhatte Tripura gam tung dingin ki-ummawh hi (Halam,Hrangkhawl,Darlong Kaipeng etc).
1450-700-
Luseite Lentang le Ciau kikal ah teng.
1400-1500: Thang Ho leh Lian Do; Cing Khup leh Ngam Bawm; Galngam leh Hang Saite Ciimnuai, Geeltui-ah teeng.
1250-1900: Eimau beh Hausa,khuasat leh Ukpite makai-in ki-uk. Lai kinei loin khangthu kicianteh lo.
1500
Zosuan 'Anal' te Manipur tung ding in ki um mawh hi
1570
Guite Pu Gui Mang in Tedim Khua Sat1600 Khumi mite Paletwa tung ta mai thei.
1650-700
Luseite leh Paite mi ten Ciau kan ta uh hi.
1700
Alaungpaya kumpipa in khamtung galkap la in Syrian gam sim.
1720-30
Mara ten Simtuipi tung ta dingin ki-ummawh hi.
1750
Thado-Kuki ten Manipur gam tung khin uh hi. Biate mite in tua-a Cachar mun tung khin ding in ki-ummawh hi. 1750-850 Lai mite Mizoram tung dingin ki-ummawh hi. 1775 Lusei ten Zawlbuk/Sawm neih kipan. 1777 Khamtungmite in Chittagong sim.
1800
Zahau leh Khuangli tawh kipawlin Kam Hau in Thahdo gam la-in uk. Taisunte (Falam) in Lophei sim. Taisunte in Khuasak sim. Zahau leh Khuangli kisim. Taisunte in Mualnuam sim. Hualngo leh Sukte kisim.
1813
Rev. Adoniram Judson Kawlgam tung (Missionary masa pen)
1820
Hatlang Pu Mang Gin(Mang kua) Tedim ah teeng. Tedim gam sunga Hausa thahat leh minthang kuate:
Tedim - Mang Gin - Hatlang
Vangteh - Pum Go - Guite
Dimpi - El Thuam - Naulak
Saizang - Vung Vial - Hatzaw
Kalzang - Sung Hang
Thangnuai - Mang Sum - Thawmte
Khuasak - Mat Tuang - Galphuak
Thuklai - Suan Thuk - Sumniang
LimKhai - Neih Tuang
1830-850 Hmar ten Manipur gam tung uh hi.
1840-1868
Tedim khuapi kiphut kik. Kam Hau in Mualbem pan Tedim zuan. Hausa - Pu Kam Hau, Galvaan - Pu Mang Gin, Thuzeek - Pu Khoi Lam. Meitei galpi zo. 1856
Kam Hau leh Zahau kikopin Manipur uk.
1856-1859 Sim leh mal ki do hun.(Mizoram) 1857 Tedim sim ding Meitei 1500 kuan, Meitei in lel. Zomi leh Meitei kido khatveina. 1862 Mautaam Khat veina.1871 Guite Innpipa Go Khaw Thang Meitei ten man. 1872 in Phaipi tonginn sungah si hi. 1872
Vai khan Khatveina. (Mangkang galkapte Lusei gamah a khatvei lutna uh)
1876
Guite Innpipa Pu Sum Kam leh Meitei Leengpa ten kilemna bawl. Guite mi 2000 khawng in Lamka gam tung.
1884
Aksi kiat kum (3-11-1884). 1886 Mangkang-te’n Zogam (Cin hills) sim kipan.
1887
Capt. Raikes makaihna tawh Mangkang galkapte Kawlpi tung. Vai khan Nihveina (Mangkangte Lusei gam lut nihveina, ciah kik nawnlo).
1888
Capt. Raikes in Zogamah Mawtaw lam sial ding ngen, Zomite'n phal lo. Oct 17-29 sungin Zomite in Mangkang 12 that, 122 hingmat, thau lawng 4 leh La 4 man khawm. Sihzang in Kale gam sim. Taisun leh Sukte kipawlin Kawlzang sim. Kam Hau leh Sukte kipawlin Kangyi sim. Sihzang in Mangkang lambawlte suam. Zokhua, Khalkha, Sukte kipawlin Kumpi do sawm. Taisun mi 1000 in Sihaung sim. Capt. George White in khamtung mite dona dingin India galkap Battalion Khat leh Assam kooli 2000 ngenin ngah.
1889
January 23 ni-in Sir Gorge White, General Faunce, Major Raikes thuamvum tung, Zogam do ding kuan. Feb.4 ni-in Khuasak la. Feb.13 ni-in Buanman leh Thuklai la. Vangteh leh Saizang la. May. 4 ni-in Siallum kulhah kikap, Mangkang bu 3 leh galkap 83 si, Surgeon khat in V.C ngah.
Tedimah kap leuleu, Tedim a hawm in la. Mangkangte 120 si 70 liam. Tedim inn 300 Tonzangah tai. Inn teng halsak. Thangmual pen "Fort White" kici. Mizoram sim lam panin 'The Expediton 1889' lut, haksatna tuak loin Lunglei luak. Kulh bawl uh.
1890
Sept. in Tonzangah kikap, kilemna bawl. Upa teng tawh maam (photo) zaih, upate'n thei lo, thau sa-in lau. Oct. kha sungin Khaw Cin si, a sanggampa' tapa Hau Cin Khup in a za luah. Hau Cin Khup, Thang Khan Pau, Gin Za Thangte Rangoon kipaipih.
Mangkang Kumpiin Mizoram a uk kipat. 25.9.1890 niin Pasal hangsan Khuangchera leh Ngulbawka Tlawng lui ngei-ah Mangkang ten kaplum.
1891
Thantlang la ding kuan, kido, Rs. 5000 gaam.
1892
(Jan. 27-29) Zo minam teng gam khatah koih kik nading ngaihsun 'Chin-Lushai Conference' Fort William, Calcutta-ah kibawl hi.
April kha-in Thantlang la zo. Oct 9 ni-in Pumva leh Thuklai kikalah Myo-ok suam. kap lum, mi thum bek suakta. Mangkang ten suah lam Zogam bup nuaisiah zo.
1893
Zogamah thau khempeuh kikhawm, lawng 7000 pha. Kaptel la, Oct. kha-in ukpi 49 Rangoon kihawl pih. Khuapi teng sikkhau kizom.
1894
1.11.1894 niin Rev. F.W. Savidge le Rev. F.H. Lorrain-te Mizogam tun hi. (Khristian Missionary masa pen). Mizo lai - A, AW, B, kipan.
Jan-Feb. sung B.S. Carey in Cin hills leh Manipur gamgi bawl, Cin hills khen thum kisuah- Tedim, Falam, Halkha.
1894-95
Mikang kumpi in Falamah Political officer koih. Falam leh Halka-ah Sikkhau-to, Thonginn, Zato inn, leh Sumkepna (Treasury) kibawl. Carey leh Tuck in The Chin hills bu gelh. Zogam pan siah (Leiman) Rs.17,572 kingah. Carey leh Ukpite kilemna bawlin gam khensak in, Kam Hau uk khua -167, Sukte uk - khua 20 leh Sihzang uk khua - 16 suah hi. Manipur Khristian missionary masa pen Rev. W. Pettigrew (Ukhul khua-ah).
1895
(September) Kawlgam' gamkhen khat (province) in Mikang kumpite'n Zogam hong ciapteh sakin Kawlgam tawh hong gawm. Mizo Laibu neih kipat kum. 21-8-1895 Lusei pau tawh Thukhunthak Luka laibu nei. Sim leh Mal-a kikhen Lushai hills pen kigawm hi.
1896
Chin Hills Regulation Act kibawl. Hih Thukhun tawh tu huna Chin State, Mizoram, Manipur singtanggam teng uk. Ukpi hong piang:
Tedim gamah Pu Hau Cin Khup
Lumbanggam ah Pu Hrul Mung
Falam gamah Pu Thang Tin Lian
Haka gamah Pu Kio Mang
Taichun khua-ah Pu Con Bik
Matu/Mindat gamah Vumthumaung
Chief Commissoner Sir Frederick Frayer Tedim, Falam, Khalkha hawh. Mizo biakinn masa pen kipan. Kawlgam (Chin hills) leh manipur gamgi kikhung hi.
1898
(2-4-1898) Mizoramah Sangin kipan. Mizo pau in Thuciamthak - Luka leh John kizo. Mangkang ukna deih loin Zomi makaite’n Mangkangte langpanna bawl. Mikangte in Zomi makaite bawlsia.
- Pu Thuam Thawng (thong sungah si)
- Pu Kai Tuah (khantawn thong)
- Pu Taang Pau Dal (thong sungah si)
- Pu Ngul Bul (Mangkang ten that)
1899
Chin hills-ah Christian Biakna tung; Missionaary masa pen Rev. A.E. Carsonte nupa, March 15 niin Halkha tung. Pu Pau Cin Hau phuat Laipian Biakna leh Zomite Lai neih cilna.
1900
Zomite Laisin kipatna, Biakna thak neihna. Pa Pau Cin Hau in Maang mu. Mr. B.S. Carey in ukpi teng tawh kilemna bawlin sialngawng ban. Hau Cin Khup Ukpi-in kikoih. Mizoram, Mimbung khua-ah Guite Innpipa Kam Za Mang a phat mahmah lai tak hi in, Aizawl DC leh Tedim pan Mikang ulian Dickman ten Mimbungah pha uh hi. Lushai hills leh Chin hills gamgi kikipsak hi.
Src: http://www.sialkal.com/zomi_khangthu_1900malam.htm
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